Editorial
Environmental & Green Materials
Ashutosh Tiwari
Abstract
During the 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28), the commitments of International Association of Advanced Materials (IAAM) to climate resilience was highlighted. The organization emphasized the importance of bolstering materials ecosystem to better cope with climate change, as this is essential for ...
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During the 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28), the commitments of International Association of Advanced Materials (IAAM) to climate resilience was highlighted. The organization emphasized the importance of bolstering materials ecosystem to better cope with climate change, as this is essential for the materials community's goal of reducing greenhouse gases and pursuing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). With its inclusiveness, COP28 set ambitious goals to accelerate the shift to cleaner energy, revamp climate financing to achieve the past commitments, create a new economic plan, and prioritize environmental and human well-being in climate efforts. These goals underline the essential need for robust climate management and the conservation of biodiversity to ensure the welfare of humanity. The conference tackled pressing issues related to climate change, including natural disasters, the necessity for inclusivity, policy, biodiversity, and the significant role of technological innovation. The discussions seek to shed light on progressive strategies and suggestions that resonate with COP28's commitments and the SDGs. The key areas include comprehensive climate management, nature-based and socio-economic strategies, circular economies, the restoration of biodiversity, global collaboration, the advent of climate-neutral technologies, risk analysis, artificial intelligence, data analytics, and novel policy frameworks. IAAM's proactive stance at COP28 towards enhancing climate resilience is rooted in its organizational ethos, the rollout of diverse eco-friendly initiatives, and steady contributions to agenda of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This steadfast commitment not only cements IAAM's influence in the environmental domain but also paves the way for collective, forward-thinking solutions to address climate change and defend its motive of the current decade for a sustainable and green world.
Review Article
Biomaterials & Biodevices
Soni Thakur; Abdul Khalil H.P.S.; Rahul Dev Bairwan; Esam Bashir Yahya; Kanchan Jha; Azreen Syazril Adnan; Mohammad Rizwan Khan
Abstract
In recent times, there has been a significant increase in bone-related diseases, posing a pressing challenge in the field of medicine. While bone tissues possess a natural self-healing capability, severe injuries can lead to a loss of this regenerative potential. Traditional transplantation approaches, ...
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In recent times, there has been a significant increase in bone-related diseases, posing a pressing challenge in the field of medicine. While bone tissues possess a natural self-healing capability, severe injuries can lead to a loss of this regenerative potential. Traditional transplantation approaches, despite being billion-dollar industries, are riddled with issues such as a scarcity of organ donors, a high risk of infections, and post-transplant complications. To address this issue, tissue engineering has demonstrated to be a possible alternative for wound remodeling and organ transplantation. Recently, biopolymer-based aerogel has caught tremendous attention as a result of its exceptional qualities in the field of biomedical engineering. This review aims to provide comprehensive information on the properties and recent research regarding the use of polysaccharides like chitosan, cellulose, alginate, hyaluronic acid, and starch-based aerogels in bone tissue engineering. It highlights the potential of these aerogels in addressing bone-related issues and discusses the obstacles and future prospects of polysaccharides in tissue engineering applications.
Review Article
Energy Materials & Technology
Divya Bisen; Ashish Pratap Singh Chouhan
Abstract
Recently, the fuel crisis has been getting worse every day, impacting the economy of the society and the nation as well as aggravating the environmental imbalance by rising carbon levels and air pollution However, green and renewable bio-oil can provide a solution for affordable energy and environmental ...
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Recently, the fuel crisis has been getting worse every day, impacting the economy of the society and the nation as well as aggravating the environmental imbalance by rising carbon levels and air pollution However, green and renewable bio-oil can provide a solution for affordable energy and environmental safety but the drawbacks of bio-oil include its higher viscosity, polarity, high molecular weight due to the high oxygen content, tar content, acidity in nature, high molecular weight due to its high viscosity and moisture content. As a result, bio-oil cannot be used directly in engines or high energy applications and must be upgraded for those uses. This study concentrated on ways to enhance the quality of bio-oil utilizing physical and chemical upgrading techniques, including hydro-cracking, hydro-treatment, hydro-deoxygenation, esterification, emulsification, and steam reforming. The bio-oil industry and bio-oil-based research for the creation of clean energy fuel will both be solved by this study.
Research Article
Material Processing
Jie Yu; Maosheng Zheng
Abstract
Parameter design of material processing is quite significant to provide a safeguard to the quality of product comprehensively in condition of clean production especially. In this paper, an appropriate approach of parameter design of materials processing is proposed in term of probabilistic multi-objective ...
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Parameter design of material processing is quite significant to provide a safeguard to the quality of product comprehensively in condition of clean production especially. In this paper, an appropriate approach of parameter design of materials processing is proposed in term of probabilistic multi-objective optimization (PMOO). The approach has the characteristic of concurrent optimization of multiple objectives in spirit of probability theory inherently; furthermore the “sequential number-theoretic optimization (SNTO)” is employed to conduct the discretization of successive deep optimization. Besides, the optimal design of materials processing is completed by conducting the assessment of total preferable probability for each scheme. Subsequently, parameter design problems of grinding processes of H7007C bearing inner ring with energy saving and emission reduction, and processing optimization of aluminum alloy AA 6082 blank hot stamping, are taken as examples to illuminate the procedure of the approach, respectively. The results show the rationality of the approach. It has a bright prospect in parameter design of production optimization in the future.
Research Article
Nanomaterials & Nanotechnology
Rekha S; Sreelakshmi P S; Akhila V S; Amrutha R; Anila E I
Abstract
Green synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted great interest in recent years because it offers a cost effective and environment friendly method for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles have potential applications in catalysis, wastewater treatment ...
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Green synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted great interest in recent years because it offers a cost effective and environment friendly method for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles have potential applications in catalysis, wastewater treatment and biomedicine. In the present study, CaO nanoparticles are synthesized by an eco-friendly green synthesis via thermal decomposition of eggshells which is a common waste material from households and restaurants. The synthesized nanoparticles were subjected to characterization using X-ray diffractogram (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy. The structural studies confirmed the formation of cubic, crystalline and irregularly shaped nanoparticles. FTIR and EDX spectroscopy indicated intensive peaks attributed to the presence of calcium and oxygen atoms in the prepared samples. The PL emission spectra of CaO nanoparticles consisted of a broad peak for an excitation wavelength of 320 nm. The antibacterial activity of green synthesized CaO nanoparticles was investigated using gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative E.coli bacteria. The studies showed that the prepared nanoparticles exhibit antibacterial property.
Research Article
Polymer Composite
Gabriela Herrera Rodriguez; Andya J Ramírez Irigoyen; Karla F García Verdugo; Ana V Torres Figueroa; Brianda M Salazar Salas; José C Encinas Encinas; Cinthia Jhovanna Perez Martinez; Teresa del Castillo-Castro
Abstract
The development of conjugated polymer- and carbonaceous-based platforms as NIR photothermal materials is a valuable contribution to modern-day cancer therapies. Measurements of the thermal response of these materials under same NIR irradiation conditions allows accurately comparing their photothermal ...
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The development of conjugated polymer- and carbonaceous-based platforms as NIR photothermal materials is a valuable contribution to modern-day cancer therapies. Measurements of the thermal response of these materials under same NIR irradiation conditions allows accurately comparing their photothermal capacities to accomplish specific biomedical requirements. In this work, polydopamine (PDA) and polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles were synthesized by green-based methods and their photothermal behavior, compared to that of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNT), was studied under the same experimental setup. Furthermore, PDA, PPy, and CNT nanostructures were embedded within a crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (P(NIPAM-co-AA)) matrix, and the photothermal properties of these novel nanocomposite hydrogels were also comparatively studied. Experimental conditions such as the filler concentration, irradiation time, and laser power, as well as the nanocomposite hydrogel composition can be tuned to yield mild (39–43 °C) or high (47-50 °C) hyperthermia conditions, as required. The photothermal results of P(NIPAM-co-AA) nanocomposite hydrogels containing PDA, PPy, or CNT nanostructures evidenced the potential of these materials in controlled drug delivery and for combined chemo-photothermal therapies of tumors by NIR laser irradiation.
Research Article
Polymer Science and Technology
Venu Prakash Kasinikota; Wolfgang Muehleisen; Markus Grinschgl; Alexander Steiner; Margit Christa Lang
Abstract
The current work is performed during a research project to implement an enhanced Cyber-Physical Systems for producing electrical insulators based on thermosets. As these materials undergo a highly exothermic curing reaction during production, appropriate production control is crucial to prevent issues, ...
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The current work is performed during a research project to implement an enhanced Cyber-Physical Systems for producing electrical insulators based on thermosets. As these materials undergo a highly exothermic curing reaction during production, appropriate production control is crucial to prevent issues, such as air pockets, suboptimal surface finish, cracks, or part deformation due to non-uniform curing and residual stresses. Therefore, extensive material characterization is combined with suitable material modeling to achieve exact virtual predictions of the curing process. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal (dynamic) conditions is employed to characterize the curing behavior, providing crucial insights into thermal properties and phase transitions. The reaction kinetics are modeled using model-based methods, i.e., Prout-Tompkins, and model-free kinetic models, i.e. Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose. Thus, the activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and other kinetic parameters required for analysis are determined. The curing progress of the epoxy material under isothermal conditions is predicted and validated with reaction data obtained from the isothermal DSC measurements.
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