Document Type : Review Article
Authors
Department of Civil Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology Gorakhpur 273010 (UP) India
Abstract
Organic compounds, alcohols, ammonia, nitrates, phosphorous, and suspended solids are the main constituents of waste from the chemical fertilizer industry. Heavy metals are natural constituents of soils and their concentration varies depending on parental materials. In the last years, the content of heavy metals in soils has increased due to distribution of fertilizers waste, pesticides, industries, waste disposal. Due to these activities the life capacity of soils decreased; especially where the natural background is already high because of natural parental material richness in heavy metal. As a matter of fact it is very important to distinguish between the natural background values and anthropogenic inputs, and to understand that the background values change from area to area and with the scale of the area investigated. There is currently a wide variety of methods used to evaluate soil contamination. To evaluate the soil contamination rate Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) can be applied. This index is used to assess the presence and intensity of anthropogenic contaminant deposition on surface soil. Four soil samples collected from different location near fertilizer industry and it was investigated that many constituent present in soil specimen such as (Cd, Mn, Zn, Cu and Pb). Contaminated samples show the moderate to extreme pollution level on the basis of pollution index.
Keywords: Organic substance, fertilizer waste, Heavy metals, contaminated soil, AAS.
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