Biomaterials & Biodevices
Ayush Madan; Sanjeev Kumar; Syed Mohsin Waheed
Abstract
Hydrocarbon contamination is one of the major environmental problems due to oil spillage, automobile waste, and other industrial waste. Crude oil is the major source of energy for industrial, agricultural, and domestic use. Indian agriculture is largely dependent upon petroleum-driven technology for ...
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Hydrocarbon contamination is one of the major environmental problems due to oil spillage, automobile waste, and other industrial waste. Crude oil is the major source of energy for industrial, agricultural, and domestic use. Indian agriculture is largely dependent upon petroleum-driven technology for power generation, harvesting and post-harvest processing. Oil spillage occurs at oil wells and rigs during the drilling, production, refining, transport, and storage of petroleum. The release and accumulation of hydrocarbons in the environment is the main cause for concern due to the health hazards it poses to all forms of life and the environment. Commonly used approaches involve physical, biological, and chemical methods. Most of the technologies are expensive and not very efficient to deal with recalcitrant pollutants. The present study deals with the bioremediation of crude oil. The study involved the collection of surface soil of the spillage/contaminated area to isolate and identify the oil-degrading bacteria. Bacteria were isolated and grown on MSM-agar medium containing crude oil as a carbon source in Petri-dishes. The isolated strain of bacteria was effective in the biodegradation of oil in 28 days. The samples were analysed using GC-FID which demonstrated efficient degradation of oil by the isolated microbe. The hydrocarbon degraders were identified as Gram-negative cocci bacteria. The isolated bacteria could serve as a cost-effective and efficient alternative for microbial degradation of hydrocarbon pollutants in soil and water in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner.
Biomaterials & Biodevices
Kranthi Kumar M.V; Rudramadevi K
Abstract
Energy is required for life on Earth, and it is provided by the small organelles of cells called mitochondria, also referred to as the cell's powerhouses. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is grouped into several human mtDNA haplogroups, is frequently employed in population genetics to identify individuals ...
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Energy is required for life on Earth, and it is provided by the small organelles of cells called mitochondria, also referred to as the cell's powerhouses. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is grouped into several human mtDNA haplogroups, is frequently employed in population genetics to identify individuals or communities based on mutation sites found by comparison with the reference sequence (rCRS). Previous studies in various populations have connected particular mtDNA haplogroups and polymorphisms to a range of human disorders, including Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). In addition, a number of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms have been connected to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and an elevated risk of a number of malignancies, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in the Indian patients. As a result, we conducted a high-resolution assessment of the mtDNA hypervariable area in our study to trace distinct mtDNA haplogroup connections with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in south Indian communities. We discovered that mtDNA Haplogroup M was present in 60% of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and about 55% of the control samples examined. Haplogroup M is the most frequent mtDNA cluster observed in south Indian people. We further segmented macro haplogroup M and revealed sub haplogroups (M8, M7, M6, M5, M3, and M2) with variable frequencies. Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and haplogroup M5 were significantly associated, according to our research (p = 0.026). Haplogroup M5 was discovered in our study in 3.3 percent of control populations and 13% of south Indian T2DM patients. These results imply that Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is more likely to occur in haplogroup M5 individuals.
Material Analysis
Manuel Aparicio-Razo; José Luis Jr. Mongalo-Vázquez; J. A. Yáñez Ramos; Adolfo Navarro-Zárate; Víctor Hugo Santos-Enríquez; Israel Vivanco-Pérez; J. Flores Méndez; Genaro Alberto Paredes-Juárez
Abstract
This review article presents the biological and technological properties of biomaterials: titanium, polyetheretherketone, zirconium and Si3N4, focused on the application of dental implants. The methodology focused on examining different works related to the topics of biocompatibility, biofilm formation ...
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This review article presents the biological and technological properties of biomaterials: titanium, polyetheretherketone, zirconium and Si3N4, focused on the application of dental implants. The methodology focused on examining different works related to the topics of biocompatibility, biofilm formation and adhesion properties, fibroblast proliferation, bone resorption, peri-implant infection, osseointegration, histology, cytotoxicity, toxicity, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, hemocompatibility, vascularization, mechanical resistance and approval for use by the FDA. The results of the review show that all four biomaterials have favorable properties that can revolutionize implants, however, more studies are needed to confirm the results in the short and medium term.
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