Yong Yu; Preston Yi Jie Ching; Yen Nee Tan
Abstract
Developing effective synthesis method for few-atom gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with tunable emissions is vitally important to gain better understanding of their formation mechanism and provide more design flexibilities to suite for various applications such as multiplex cellular imaging and/or light-emitting ...
Read More
Developing effective synthesis method for few-atom gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with tunable emissions is vitally important to gain better understanding of their formation mechanism and provide more design flexibilities to suite for various applications such as multiplex cellular imaging and/or light-emitting diodes. This paper reports a fast method (<30 minutes) of preparing multicolour (red, orange, near infrared) emissive AuNCs via a microwave-assisted biotemplating synthesis approach. A series of analytical tools such as UV-vis and photoluminescence spectroscopies, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) have been utilized to characterize the resultant AuNCs and unravel the formation mechanism that lead to their multicolour emissive properties. It was found that the surface charge of the thiol-containing peptide reagent and the peptide-to-Au ratio are crucial factors to control the size and emission colour of the resultant AuNCs. By bringing the solution pH to near the isoelectric point of peptide ligand (~3), the red (lem = 725 nm) emissive AuNC which is initially stable at alkaline conditions (pH-12) tends to aggregate due to deficiency of surface charge, thus forming a larger and orange (lem = 640 nm) emissive AuNC. By further applying an even lower peptide-to-Au ratio to fine-tune the protection power of thiolate ligands, a near-infrared (lem = 846 nm) emissive AuNC has been synthesized. Compared to other microwave-assisted synthesis of AuNCs, current study is featured by its simplicity, rapidity, and versatility to tune the emission wavelength of resultant AuNCs in a much broader range (up to 206 nm).
A. S. Verma; R. Bhandari;A. Kumar
Abstract
In this paper, semi-empirical formula for the bulk modulus (B in GPa) and shear modulus (G in GPa) of perovskite structured solids are elaborated in terms of lattice constant (a in Å) and product of ionic charges (Za Zx) of the bonding. Values of bulk modulus, of the group ARh3X, (X = B and C) ...
Read More
In this paper, semi-empirical formula for the bulk modulus (B in GPa) and shear modulus (G in GPa) of perovskite structured solids are elaborated in terms of lattice constant (a in Å) and product of ionic charges (Za Zx) of the bonding. Values of bulk modulus, of the group ARh3X, (X = B and C) perovskite-type materials exhibit a linear relationship when plotted against the lattice constant (a) normalization, but fall on different straight lines according to the product of ionic charges of the compounds. The resulting expressions can be applied to a broad selection of perovskite (ARh3X = A: large cation with different valence and X: borides and carbides) materials and their modulus predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data and those from ab initio calculations.
V. M. Gaikwad; S. A. Acharya
Abstract
Field cooled (FC) and zero field cooled (ZFC) magnetization measurements of Bismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) multiferroic obtained by microwave-assisted gel combustion method are reported. The structural investigation of sythesized and calcined sample is done by XRD and the obtained data is well fitted with ...
Read More
Field cooled (FC) and zero field cooled (ZFC) magnetization measurements of Bismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) multiferroic obtained by microwave-assisted gel combustion method are reported. The structural investigation of sythesized and calcined sample is done by XRD and the obtained data is well fitted with Rietveld refinement using full-pro software suite. M-H hysterisis shows that BFO nanoparticles exhibit ferromagnetic properties at room temperature, which is unusally observed in BFO. The M -T plot at H = 1 and 2 kOe shows that the FC and ZFC magnetization curve start to differ at below 331K and 236 K respectively with sharp cusp around 124 K revealing spin glass behaviour of BiFeO3. Both ferromagnetic properties and spin-glass-like behavior are observed in BFO nanoparticles. Ferromagnetic behavior is attributed to a partial destruction in nanoparticles of the long-wavelength cycloid spin structure expected in bulk BFO. Spin-glass-like behavior is assigned to diffusion of domain walls, with possible contributions from pinning of the cycloid spin structure at the nanoparticle surface.
)