Cristhoper E. Jaimes Martínez; J. Flores Méndez; Gustavo M. Minquiz; Pablo Gutiérrez Cruz; Fernando Medina Pérez; A. C. Piñón Reyes; Janette Castro Hernández; René Pérez Pérez
Abstract
In this work, a numerical methodology is implemented applying the computational finite element method for a pair pinion-crown of bevel gears in spiral of the differential system of a compact Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV), with the objective of establishing a criterion of the results to characterize the ...
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In this work, a numerical methodology is implemented applying the computational finite element method for a pair pinion-crown of bevel gears in spiral of the differential system of a compact Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV), with the objective of establishing a criterion of the results to characterize the failure of the gear pair during its operation. To do this, from a CAD model obtained by 3D scanning, the numerical results of the structural case are compared by correlating the transient, fatigue, modal and harmonic studies between a pair of gears without damage and another pair with a damaged (chipped) tooth on the pinion. It is observed that from the harmonic response of stress and vibration, a criterion can be established to differentiate the new pair of gears from the damaged pair, the latter presenting a frequency response pattern with high values with respect to the first. The above may be a reference option for detecting the failure of spiral bevel gear pairs used in automobile differential system.
Muhammad Akbar Malik; Manas Sarkar; Moumita Maiti; Shilang Xu
Abstract
During the coal-burning process, fly ash is produced as a by-product and disposal of this vast waste material is becoming challenge in the current environmental scenario. In the present work, metal oxide V2O5 with different weights (3% and 5%) of fly ash was utilized in presence of alkaline activators ...
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During the coal-burning process, fly ash is produced as a by-product and disposal of this vast waste material is becoming challenge in the current environmental scenario. In the present work, metal oxide V2O5 with different weights (3% and 5%) of fly ash was utilized in presence of alkaline activators to lower the mullitization temperature below to 1000 o C for the development of new concrete approaches. The building composites were made by using sintered fly ash and alkaline activators at ambient temperature. The micro structural analysis (XRD, FESEM, EDX) of the composites reveals the formation of needle like nano sized mullite at 1000 o C. The durability and mechanical strengths tests including, compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, chloride ion permeability, water absorption and ultrasonic pulse velocity were conducted on the composites specimens. The experimental tests confirm the better strength and enhanced durability properties of the newly formed building composites. The study suggested a new methodology to utilize the waste material fly ash with vanadium oxide as an alternative cementitious materials for advanced durable building composites.
Manas Sarkar; Moumita Maiti; Muhammad Akbar Malik; Shilang Xu
Abstract
In concrete industry, geopolymer acts as an alternative building material of ordinary cement and possess similar/greater mechanical strength and durability, fashioned by industrial by-product; fly ash with alkaline activator. Accompanied by the chemical corrosion, biogenic corrosion is a foremost obstruction ...
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In concrete industry, geopolymer acts as an alternative building material of ordinary cement and possess similar/greater mechanical strength and durability, fashioned by industrial by-product; fly ash with alkaline activator. Accompanied by the chemical corrosion, biogenic corrosion is a foremost obstruction in sewer systems, bridge piers, pipelines and offshore platforms. The present works has been given an effort to introduce an anti-bio deteriorate sustainable geopolymer (GMZnO–Si) through the decoration of spherical nano silica (Si) on zinc oxide Nano-rods (ZnO NRs) surface. XRD, Zeta potential, FESEM, EDS and XPS were hired for the characterization of ZnO-SiO2 nanohybrid system and applicability of GMZnO–Si mortar was investigated against microbial species (E. coli, S. aureus, A. niger). MIC/MBC/MFC values, agar plating, Inner permeability assay and ROS generation results exhibited excellent mechanistic approaches, by showing its ability to resist the biogenic degradation. The mechanical and durability activities of the GMZnO–Si are found considerably higher in respect to conventional control samples. The experimental outcomes propose a promising way to inclusion of ZnO-SiO2 modified geopolymer for biodeterioration-resistant structure with significant mechanical properties in near future.
Zuhair Al-Jaberi; John J. Myers; K. Chandrashekhara
Abstract
The interest in advanced composites in repairing and strengthening infrastructure systems has considerably increased, especially as the application externally bonded (EB) fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has become more well established. Previous research on bond behavior has focused on impact of durability ...
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The interest in advanced composites in repairing and strengthening infrastructure systems has considerably increased, especially as the application externally bonded (EB) fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has become more well established. Previous research on bond behavior has focused on impact of durability by considering exposure to harsh environmental conditions and testing the specimens after exposure, rather than testing bond performance during exposure. The influence of directly applying temperature on bond behavior represents an open topic that needs to be investigated in more detail. This study is one of the first studies to investigate the bond behavior when the composite is subjected to tension force simultaneously with applying temperature. The temperatures considered in this study were at freezing, ambient, and high temperature, which are more representative of structural elements under field conditions. A total of 16 specimens were strengthened and tested under single-lap direct shear. The key parameters investigated include (a) the type of fiber [laminate carbon vs. wet layup glass] (b) the level of temperature applied on specimen, including ambient condition 21°C (70 °F), freeze condition -18 °C (0 °F) and hot weather 49 °C (120 °F), and (c) the exposure regime (direct exposure during loading process vs. loading after exposure). Most of the specimens were subjected to tension force simultaneously with applying temperature, and the other specimens were later tested after exposure to the heating and cooling cycles. These cycles are proposed to simulate 20 years of the typical in-situ weather conditions in the Central United States. The results showed that overall the EB strengthening systems exhibited good performance when subjected to cycles of heating and cooling prior to testing. High reduction of FRP-epoxy bond properties was up to 59% when exposed to high service temperatures. Different modes of failure were observed such as debonding at fiber-matrix interface and debonding due to shearing in laminate.
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