S. P. Vinay; N. Chandrasekhar
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were prepared using Cassia auriculata leaves extract as a reducing agent via green synthesis method. From the PXRD, UV-Visible, FTIR, studies the synthesized NPs were characterized. The morphologies of the prepared NPs were studied by SEM and TEM analysis. The synthesized ...
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Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were prepared using Cassia auriculata leaves extract as a reducing agent via green synthesis method. From the PXRD, UV-Visible, FTIR, studies the synthesized NPs were characterized. The morphologies of the prepared NPs were studied by SEM and TEM analysis. The synthesized NPs were tested for antibacterial and anticancer studies. The PXRD data indicated that the synthesized nanoparticles belong to cubic phase structure. Presence of strong silver peaks was confirmed by EDAX studies. The SEM and TEM data revealed that spherical like structure were obtained. Antibacterial (MIC from 75 to 150 μl) activities were noticed for green synthesized Ag NPs. Furthermore, in vitro studies revealed dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of Ag NPs treated PC-3 cell line. This is the first report on the green synthesis of Ag NPs using leaves extract of C. auriculata. Results of present study could contribute to synthesize new and cost-effective drugs from C. auriculata by using green approach. Copyright © VBRI Press.
Sayeesh PM; Reshma Joy; Nibisha Pradeep; Franklin John; Jinu George
Abstract
Hydrogel beads based on natural polymers like alginate, κ-Carrageenan, and gelatin represent an efficient scaffold for controlled hydrophobic drug delivery. We report herein the development and characterization different formulations of hydrogel systems based on the above-mentioned polymers having ...
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Hydrogel beads based on natural polymers like alginate, κ-Carrageenan, and gelatin represent an efficient scaffold for controlled hydrophobic drug delivery. We report herein the development and characterization different formulations of hydrogel systems based on the above-mentioned polymers having adequate properties as drug delivery matrices. Different combinations of alginate/κ-Carrageenan and alginate/gelatin hydrogel beads were developed and drug release properties were compared using curcumin as a model drug. Alginate/κ-Carrageenan hydrogel beads with 50:50 weight ratio exhibited higher swelling and better drug release percentage than compared to other beads. Antibacterial activity of curcumin released from hydrogel beads against B. cereus was established by disc assay. Encapsulation efficiency and drug release behaviour of different formulations of alginate/κ-Carrageenan and alginate/gelatin indicates that the polymer blends synthesized possess considerable potential in pharmaceutical and medicinal applications. Copyright © VBRI Press.
Elias E. Elemike; Saiyed Tanzim; Anthony C. Ekennia; Damian C. Onwudiwe
Abstract
The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cyamopsis tetragonoloba plant extract and their photocatalytic and antibacterial properties is reported. Three precursor concentrations of 1 mM, 2 mM and 5 mM were used, and at two different ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 plant extract to the precursor. The formation ...
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The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cyamopsis tetragonoloba plant extract and their photocatalytic and antibacterial properties is reported. Three precursor concentrations of 1 mM, 2 mM and 5 mM were used, and at two different ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 plant extract to the precursor. The formation of the nanoparticles was followed by the periodic study of surface plasmon resonance using the UV-visible spectroscopy, which revealed the formation of nanoparticles with regular bands after 45 min. of reaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the functional groups present in the plant biomolecules which aided the reduction and stabilization of the nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed the particle sizes and crystalline structures, while the zeta potential values indicated the stability of the nanoparticles. The 5 mM concentration gave the largest particle sizes of about 12.90 nm and the most stable particles. The photocatalytic properties of the particles studied using Methyl red showed a low efficiency of 17.85% degradation achieved under 2 h. The antibacterial potency of the nanoparticles was screened against some gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The results showed that the nanoparticles have good antibacterial activities.
Xun Xu; Fangwang Ming; Jinqing Hong; Zhoucheng Wang
Abstract
The flexible and freestanding graphene oxide (GO) film was fabricated for drug delivery and antibacterial. The film was synthesized by covalently attaching cefalexin onto graphene oxide sheets and then made by filtration of the colloidal suspension. SEM and optical images show that the Cefalexin-grafted ...
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The flexible and freestanding graphene oxide (GO) film was fabricated for drug delivery and antibacterial. The film was synthesized by covalently attaching cefalexin onto graphene oxide sheets and then made by filtration of the colloidal suspension. SEM and optical images show that the Cefalexin-grafted graphene oxide (GO-CE) film possesses the unique 2D layer-by-layer structure and it could form channels for drug release when immersed in water. The drug loading and release tests certify that the GO-CE film is a promising drug delivery membrane with high load capacity (0.621 mg mg -1 ) and long-acting release properties (72 h), and can effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus bacteria while showing minimal cytotoxicity for a long time. The cellular culture results of the HeLa Cells indicate that the GO-CE film exhibits excellent biocompatibility. Based on these advantages, the GO-CE film is expected to be used in the environmental and medical applications.
Raman Dhivya; Marichamy Rajasekaran;Jamespandi Annaraj; Jothi Ranjani; Jeyaprakash Rajendhran
Abstract
Curcumin is recognized as an important natural biomaterial which has a wide range of biological importance, unfortunately it lacks in bioavailability predominantly due to its poor aqueous solubility. The intention of the present investigation was to develop a novel nanocomposite of curcumin with ZnO ...
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Curcumin is recognized as an important natural biomaterial which has a wide range of biological importance, unfortunately it lacks in bioavailability predominantly due to its poor aqueous solubility. The intention of the present investigation was to develop a novel nanocomposite of curcumin with ZnO nanoparticle in order to improve its aqueous-phase solubility and develop its efficiency on microbes and cancer cells. Therefore, we have constructed an aqueous solvable curcumin/ZnO nanocomposite from the insoluble commercial curcumin and poorly soluble ZnO nanoparticles, consequently enhancing its biological importance. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles, nanocurcumin, and the nanocomposite were analyzed with transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) along with spectral techniques. The calculated average particle size of ZnO nanoparticle and nanocomposite from XRD was found to be 21.44 nm and 24.66 nm respectively. The TEM image reveals that this new nanocomposite was found to have narrow particle size of 53 nm. The observed results declared that the title nanomaterials showed excellent antibacterial activity against, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Their cytotoxicity performance against gastric cancer (AGS) cells was also carried out and observed that they showed concentration dependency. All the observed results declared that it has great potential for antibacterial and anticancer applications. The observed results of this investigation demonstrate that the present nano-conjugate can effectively deliver the antibacterial, anticancer drug curcumin towards the targeted biomolecules and hence appears to be a promising nano-formulation for chemotherapy and other biomedical applications after a series of in-vivo tests on animal models.
Narendra Kumar Agrawal; Ravi Agarwal; Divya Bhatia; Divya Saxena; Garima Kedawat; K.C. Swami; Y.K. Vijay
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) having well-defined shape, size and clean surface serve as ideal model system to investigate surface/interfacial reactions. Ag and Al NPs are receiving great interest due to their wide applications in bio-medical field, aerospace and space technology as combustible additives in propellants ...
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Nanoparticles (NPs) having well-defined shape, size and clean surface serve as ideal model system to investigate surface/interfacial reactions. Ag and Al NPs are receiving great interest due to their wide applications in bio-medical field, aerospace and space technology as combustible additives in propellants and hydrogen generation. Hence, in this study, we have synthesized Ag and Al NPs using an innovative approach of ultra-sonic dissociation of thin films. Phase and particle size distributions of the Ag and Al NPs have been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Thin film dissociation/dissolution mechanism, hence conversion into NPs has been characterized by SEM- scanning electron microscope. EDXA & ICPMS have been performed for chemical analysis of NPs. Optical properties have been characterized by UV-Vis and PL spectroscopy. These NPs have also been investigated for their anti-bacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time when NPs has been synthesized by ultra-sonic dissociation of thin films. As an application, these NPs were used further for synthesis of nanocomposite polymer membranes, which show excellent activity against bio film formation.
Shyamalima Sharma; Ajay Kumar Manhar; Pritom Jyoti Bora; Swapan Kumar Dolui; Manabendra Mandal
Abstract
In the current scenario, metal nanoparticles acquire much attention in terms of their diverse applications because of their extremely small size and large surface to volume ratio. Hence, our present study deals with the investigation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of gold (Au) nanoparticles. ...
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In the current scenario, metal nanoparticles acquire much attention in terms of their diverse applications because of their extremely small size and large surface to volume ratio. Hence, our present study deals with the investigation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of gold (Au) nanoparticles. First, anisotropic Au nanorods with various aspect ratios have been synthesized by a standard seeded growth method using CTAB-coated Au seed nanoparticles with size less than 10 nm as nucleation centre. Characterization of synthesized nanorods is made using UV-visible and TEM analysis. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Au nanorods have been investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as free radical source and Agar-well diffusion assay. The radical scavenging reaction of nanorods was monitored by a UV-visible spectrophotometer and found that Au nanorods show better antioxidant activity than spherical seeds due to the presence of more number of atoms as well as active sites for interaction with the free radical of DPPH. For a set of nanorods DPPH scavenging percentage is 80-90, while for seeds it is only 30. Again, very less amount (volume) of high aspect ratio nanorods is required for efficient scavenging. A linear relationship is observed between DPPH scavenging percentage and volume of Au nano-dispersions. The synthesized Au nanoparticles also have potent antibacterial activity, the maximum zone of inhibition (20 mm) is observed for longer nanorods, against indicator strains due to the interaction of more number of Au+ cations to the negatively charged bacterial cell wall that causes rupturing of the cell wall and finally death. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for nanorods is lower when tested against gram negative bacteria viz. Y. enterocolitica (12.5μg/ml), S. enterica typhimurium (15 μg/ml), and K. pneumoniae (10 μg/ml) as compared to gram positive bacteria viz. S. aureus (20 μg/ml), L. monocytogenes AMDK2 (20 μg/ml) and B. cereus AMDK1 (25 μg/ml). From this study, it is concluded that high aspect ratio Au nanorods can act as an effective antioxidant and antibacterial agent and it makes the nanoparticles as an alternative for the development of new biomedical drugs in near future.
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