Nanomaterials & Nanotechnology
Huda Abdullah; Norshafadzila Mohammad Naim; Mohamad Aiman Arif Awang Omar; Jian Xian Kang; Iskandar Yahya; Noorfazila Kamal; Norazreen Abd Aziz; Atiqah Mohd Afdzaluddin; Noraziah Mohammad Zin; Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman; Wing Fen Yap
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are particularly attractive for use in sensors for environmental and health monitoring. This study proposes a new approach in developing polymer-metal-based sensor for E. coli detection by using CNTs incorporation. PANI-SnO2 nanocomposite thin films were combined with CNTs to ...
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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are particularly attractive for use in sensors for environmental and health monitoring. This study proposes a new approach in developing polymer-metal-based sensor for E. coli detection by using CNTs incorporation. PANI-SnO2 nanocomposite thin films were combined with CNTs to be fabricated as biosensing devices. PANI-(SnO2)1-x-CNTx nanocomposite thin films were synthesized using sol-gel method and deposited on a glass substrate by spin coating technique. The prepared thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic field microscopy (AFM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The sensitivity performance of PANI-(SnO2)1-x-CNTx nanocomposite thin films were conducted by using current-voltage (I-V) measurements. From the results, XRD patterns show the appearance of PANI, SnO2 and C peaks and the increasing crystallite size with the increasing of CNT concentration. FESEM images show the spherical shape of SnO2 and the nanotubes of carbon in the diameter size range 30 – 100 nm and 150 – 220 nm respectively. AFM analysis has found out the roughness parameter has increased when CNT percentage was increased. The peaks from UV-Vis absorbance bands indicated the presence of CNT and SnO2 at wavelength 270 nm and 370 nm respectively. From I-V measurement of the sensor, PANI-(SnO2)1-x-CNTx with x = 0.03 performed the highest sensitivity which is 16.32%. The results demonstrate that the increasing of CNT concentrations was increasing the sensitivity of PANI-(SnO2)1-x-CNTx thin films towards E. coli.
N.B. Arun Kumar; J. Sirajudeen; H.P. Nagaswarupa; C.R. Ravikumar; M.R. Anil Kumar; H.C. Ananda Murthy
Abstract
We report the successful synthesis of NiO nanomaterial by combustion method using Plectranthus amboinicus plant leaves extract. The diffraction pattern and image analysis confirmed the FCC lattice structure for green NiO nanomaterial (g-NONM) with spongy, agglomerated and porous nature. The average energy ...
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We report the successful synthesis of NiO nanomaterial by combustion method using Plectranthus amboinicus plant leaves extract. The diffraction pattern and image analysis confirmed the FCC lattice structure for green NiO nanomaterial (g-NONM) with spongy, agglomerated and porous nature. The average energy band gap of g-NONM was found to be 4.10 eV. The electrode made of g-NONM exhibited excellent stability in addition to its good reversibility. The g-NONM showed superior photo-decolarisation results for AO dye solution with 33.95 % dye decolorization at 405 nm. The obtained rate constant k value of g-NONM for AO dye is 0.002933 min −1 . The prepared g-NONM electrode showed a minimum charge-transfer resistance which is possibly due to its high conductivity as supported by electrochemical impedance studies. The NiO electrode also exhibited very high alcohol sensing ability in alkaline medium as revealed during CV measurement. The best part of the study was the fast reply (3 s) of the prepared electrode in sensing the drugs at 1 mM concentration solution. In addition, g-NONM can be easily fabricated into stable electrode material for supercapacitors applications. The results suggested that g-NONM can be an efficient and cheaper material for photocatalytic, sensor and supercapacitor applications.
Pelin Berik
Abstract
The sensor response experiments of piezoceramic shear same poled d15 patches which are integrated in a composite sandwich beam-like structure and connected in parallel and series configurations are presented in this letter. The core of the smart structure is formed from four piezoceramic shear d15 patches ...
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The sensor response experiments of piezoceramic shear same poled d15 patches which are integrated in a composite sandwich beam-like structure and connected in parallel and series configurations are presented in this letter. The core of the smart structure is formed from four piezoceramic shear d15 patches arranged in the same polarization (SP) direction and sandwiched between two identical glass fiber/epoxy layers. The dynamic response of the composite structure was monitored using these four piezoceramic shear d15 patches acting as sensors in parallel and series configurations and the data were evaluated by a pulse-multianalyzer system. A charge amplifier was used as a signal conditioning circuit between the piezoceramic shear d15 patches and the pulse-multianalyzer system. The outputs of the piezoceramic shear sensor were in a short-circuit state with the use of the charge amplifier. The results are promising as the proof of using piezoceramic shear same-poled d15 patches to sense the response of beam-like composite structures.
Tanvir Arfin; Kamini Sonawane; Arshiya Tarannum
Abstract
Phenol gives a toxic response in the natural water and leads to show harsh effects on human being, plants, and animals. At low concentration, the phenol gives a pungent taste as well as odour to the consumption of water. It is because of such reason that phenol is contained in the environmental legislation, ...
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Phenol gives a toxic response in the natural water and leads to show harsh effects on human being, plants, and animals. At low concentration, the phenol gives a pungent taste as well as odour to the consumption of water. It is because of such reason that phenol is contained in the environmental legislation, and it needs to be analysed for providing better results. Therefore it should be eliminated before discharging or reusing the waste flow to the environment. The current review is mainly focused on the growth related to the detection of phenol in the water. In the review the state, advantages, disadvantages of different techniques are discussed in brief. The methods mainly involve the electrodes which hold the interest for using new material in the form of binders and also to advance the other types of electrodes. It is observed that for the electrochemist, the electrochemistry of electrodes is considered as the most commanding approach. The significant merits of using electrodes are an enhancement of the selectivity for the electroanalytical approach. The preparation methods for the electrodes are simple, secure, versatile, and most commonly, it has many controllable variables which enables it best material used in the starting of various applications. There are different aspects of applications such as industrial technology transfers purposes; it affects the electroanalytical chemistry and diverse other fields as well, namely energy conversion, catalysis, storage, etc. Copyright © VBRI Press.
Jagriti Narang; Chaitali Singhal; Vibhor Kaushal; C. S. Pundir
Abstract
Prussian Blue nanocubes / carbon nanospheres (PB-CNS) heterostructure composed of perfectly cube and spherical composite on indium tin oxide (ITO) surface were developed for in vitro sensing of anti-diabetic drug i.e. Sitagliptin (STA). Detailed morphological, electrochemical, structural and optical ...
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Prussian Blue nanocubes / carbon nanospheres (PB-CNS) heterostructure composed of perfectly cube and spherical composite on indium tin oxide (ITO) surface were developed for in vitro sensing of anti-diabetic drug i.e. Sitagliptin (STA). Detailed morphological, electrochemical, structural and optical characterization of PB-CNS/ITO electrode was done using DLS, SEM, EIS, CV. The sensor showed rapid response time (within 5 s) and the linear range from 0.001 to 10 mM with a shelf life of about 10 weeks under refrigerated conditions. We have also attempted to employ this electrode for assessment of STA in urine samples. The developed sensor exhibited high reproducibility and good storage stability.
Keisham Radhapyari; Raju Khan
Abstract
An amperometric sensor for detection of toxin aflatoxin B1 from aspergillus flavus based on conducting polyaniline probe using monoclonal anti-aflatoxin B1 (Mc-IgGs-a-AFB1) antibodies after activation with 3% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) through electrochemical polymerization has been proposed. The electrode ...
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An amperometric sensor for detection of toxin aflatoxin B1 from aspergillus flavus based on conducting polyaniline probe using monoclonal anti-aflatoxin B1 (Mc-IgGs-a-AFB1) antibodies after activation with 3% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) through electrochemical polymerization has been proposed. The electrode was fabricated by immobilizing Mc-IgGs-a-AFB1 antibodies molecules onto electrode surface and characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) etc. The proposed amperometric immune-sensor has demonstrated excellent electro-analytical properties relative to Aflatoxin B1 in a linear range from 0.20 to 1.30 AngmL -1 with a relatively low detection limit of 0.059 AngmL -1 . The present study will help in improving for quantitative determination of mycotoxins in food samples may provide significant improvements in quality control of food safety through a simple, rapid, and sensitive testing system for agricultural products monitoring.
Jyoti Tyagi;Rita Kakkar
Abstract
This review focuses on the applications of graphene, and the effects of doping and functionalization on its properties. Though known for several years, the potential applications of graphene in various fields have only been recently realized. Remarkable research is going on in the various application ...
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This review focuses on the applications of graphene, and the effects of doping and functionalization on its properties. Though known for several years, the potential applications of graphene in various fields have only been recently realized. Remarkable research is going on in the various application based fields of graphene, such as in hydrogen storage, Li batteries, catalysis and many more. Its use as a sensor to detect various species at the molecular level is fascinating. Also, on account of its 2D structure, graphene has found promising applications in several adsorption phenomena. Various adsorption studies have been done on the graphene surface resulting in the chemisorption of the chemical species. This review focuses on the application of graphene for removal of hazardous substances, such as heavy metal ions and drug metabolites, from waste waters. Another class of substances, known as disinfection by-products (DBPs), formed during the disinfection of drinking water using chlorine, ozone, chloramines and chlorine dioxide as disinfectants, and the use of graphene for their removal, is also discussed. Use of graphene based materials as chemical and biosensors and its applications in various other fields is also briefly discussed.
Peter A. Lieberzeit; Sadia Bajwa; Ghulam Mustafa; Thipvaree Wangchareansak; Franz L. Dickert
Abstract
Materials science increasingly focuses on generating “smart”, i.e. highly functional, advanced matrices. Selective recognition can be implemented into man-made polymers by template-assisted synthesis. The method covers a surprising size range: it is possible to generate sensitivity and selectivity ...
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Materials science increasingly focuses on generating “smart”, i.e. highly functional, advanced matrices. Selective recognition can be implemented into man-made polymers by template-assisted synthesis. The method covers a surprising size range: it is possible to generate sensitivity and selectivity towards bivalent metal cations, such as Cu 2+ , in polyacrylate matrices. Despite the template being substantially smaller in size than the monomers, recognition can be achieved. Furthermore, acrylates can be templated with much larger species, such as influenza viruses. This leads to a nanostructured polymer surface that selectively re-binds the respective virion. Additional enhancement of sensitivity can be achieved by composite materials. Silver sulphide nanoparticles for instance show very appreciable affinity towards butanol vapors. When blending into butanol-imprinted polyurethane, the material incorporates three times more of the alcohol.
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