Moritz Eisenlauer; Ulrich Teipel
Abstract
The upstream process of comminution is a key element in the use of renewable raw materials, which impacts the consecutive disintegration of the materials. Energy efficiency of the comminuition process is therefore of utmost importance. The key factors to increase energy efficiency are, beside the mill ...
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The upstream process of comminution is a key element in the use of renewable raw materials, which impacts the consecutive disintegration of the materials. Energy efficiency of the comminuition process is therefore of utmost importance. The key factors to increase energy efficiency are, beside the mill type and the mill operation factors, the species of the renewable resource, in terms of water contend and the mechanical properties which are the dominant factors in biomass size reduction. In this study the influence of different factors on the effective specific comminution energy (ESCE) is elucidated. For theses purpose, three types of raw wood chips as well as recycled wood of two different qualities, were comminuted with a cutting mill and a swing hammer mill. The materials were comminuted at several levels of moister contend, under varied opening sizes of the internal screen of the mills. Particle size distributions of the comminuted materials were examined with sieve analyses and dynamic image analysis. Especially, the moister content directly influences the ESCE and the particle size distribution. Moreover the type of material, due to its different mechanical properties, is of significant influence on the particle size distribution and the ESCE.
Peter Kri
Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to present the research findings regarding the recovery possibilities of plastic and wood raw wastes. One of the recovery possibilities for mentioned raw materials is production of waste raw materials based wood-plastic composites (WPC). Lonely production process is influenced ...
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The main aim of this paper is to present the research findings regarding the recovery possibilities of plastic and wood raw wastes. One of the recovery possibilities for mentioned raw materials is production of waste raw materials based wood-plastic composites (WPC). Lonely production process is influenced by technological and raw material parameters (type of raw material and particle size) and thus the final quality and mechanical properties of WPCs have to be determine. This paper also presents the results of realized experimental research which dealt with the determination of relationship between material parameters and mechanical properties during production of WPCs. The main goal of presented paper is to determine the mutual interaction between mechanical properties, type of the plastic matrix used in WPC, wood/plastic concentration ratio and particle size of wood sawdust used in WPC. In this paper the authors also comparing mechanical properties of WPCs based on recycled and original plastics. As a plastic matrix 100 % original HDPE and recycled HDPE originating from lids of PET bottles was used. Obtained research findings can be very helpful at WPCs production and shown the possibility of using also waste raw materials for WPC products, and thus increase the environmental responsibility with the environment protection.
Taimur Athar
Abstract
With the help of facile single source molecular precursor the synthesis of CuAl2O4 nanopowder with well-defined structural framework was carried out via cost-effective soft–chemical approach with two and three coordination state around copper and Aluminum atom respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles ...
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With the help of facile single source molecular precursor the synthesis of CuAl2O4 nanopowder with well-defined structural framework was carried out via cost-effective soft–chemical approach with two and three coordination state around copper and Aluminum atom respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized by using several physicochemical techniques such as XRD, SEM, TEM, thermal analysis, UV and FT-IR for structural, optical and morphological studies. With the adjustment of reaction parameters allows us for systematic tuning of particle size, shape as well as to control the other functional properties. It can be concluded that self-assembly is an integral part which take place by understanding the metal chemistry during synthetic approach and therefore help to opens a new exciting opportunities for better understanding the reaction conditions, growth and along its mechanistic approach which leads to fabrication of potential nanodevise in near future.
Jin-Lan Hou; Guoqiang Shuo; Lina Grozova
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles have been widely used in consumer products due to their excellent antimicrobial properties. Release of nanosilver into natural waters may induce negative environmental impacts on local microorganism communities. This work evaluated the influence of anions such as sulfate, phosphate, ...
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Silver nanoparticles have been widely used in consumer products due to their excellent antimicrobial properties. Release of nanosilver into natural waters may induce negative environmental impacts on local microorganism communities. This work evaluated the influence of anions such as sulfate, phosphate, chloride and sulfide on the toxicity of silver nanoparticles. Results revealed that sulfide anion could significantly reduce their toxicity in comparison with other anions, which provides an in-depth investigation on the toxicity control of released silver nanoparticles.
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