Kalawati Saini; Pravin P. Ingole; Smriti Sharma Bhatia; Nutan Rani
Abstract
Copper and copper oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by electrochemical route using 2.55 mM tri-sodium citrate (TSC) as a capping and reducing agent. Synthesis was conducted at 15 V and 373 K in the presence of pH 4.22 using a copper rod as a working electrode and a platinum wire as a ...
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Copper and copper oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by electrochemical route using 2.55 mM tri-sodium citrate (TSC) as a capping and reducing agent. Synthesis was conducted at 15 V and 373 K in the presence of pH 4.22 using a copper rod as a working electrode and a platinum wire as a reference electrode. The electrochemical set-up was kept in the air, as well as under inert nitrogen-purged conditions. Cu NPs were synthesized for the first time by the direct dissolution of Cu 2+ into the solution of the capping agent from the copper electrode in to the electrochemical cell. This means salt of copper was not used. NPs were characterized using UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. High-resolution TEM pictures showed the formation of a rod-shaped nanostructure. The lengths of copper rods were from 56.9 nm to 61.9 nm and the widths of nano-rods were, from 8.11 nm to 9.57 nm. Furthermore, the rod-shaped Cu2O NPs were tested for their catalytic applications in the electro-oxidation of methanol, where they showed excellent activity in terms of higher efficiency as well as kinetically low over-potential values.
Alaba O. Araoyinbo; Azmi Rahmat; Mohd Nazree Derman; Khairel Rafezi Ahmad
Abstract
The basic concept of Gibbs standard state free energy predicts a favorable condition for both room and high temperature fabrication of nanoporous alumina in phosphoric acid electrolyte. The anodization of aluminum foil in acidic electrolytes is made possible by the well known process parameters that ...
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The basic concept of Gibbs standard state free energy predicts a favorable condition for both room and high temperature fabrication of nanoporous alumina in phosphoric acid electrolyte. The anodization of aluminum foil in acidic electrolytes is made possible by the well known process parameters that have been studied over the years. These parameters i.e. voltage, current density, type of electrolyte etc have been very effective when anodizing aluminum at freezing temperatures. When the operating temperature is raised above the freezing temperature, additional process parameters would be required to make the pore formation possible. The fabrication of the aluminum foil was carried out using phosphoric acid as the electrolyte source. The electrolyte pH was adjusted to 1, 3 and 5 in order to simulate different anodizing conditions. A potential of 50 V from a dc power supply was applied across the electrochemical cell, while a power regulating device with different power rating was attached to the electrochemical cell to provide the operating system with additional parameters that could influence the surface structure of the alumina. The micrographs obtained show that the propagation and growth of the pores at both room and high temperatures was made possible by the power regulating device attached to the cell.
Kunteppa H; Ameena Parveen; H. G. Harish Kumar; Aashis S. Roy
Abstract
Polymer electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide complexes with conducting polyaniline (PANI) and a salt of sodium chlorate has been prepared in different weight percentage ratios. The complexation is confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and morphology study by employing SEM. AC conductivity measurements are ...
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Polymer electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide complexes with conducting polyaniline (PANI) and a salt of sodium chlorate has been prepared in different weight percentage ratios. The complexation is confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and morphology study by employing SEM. AC conductivity measurements are carried out by using LCR Q meter at room temperature. Electrochemical cell parameters for battery applications at room temperature are also determined. The composites PP < sub>5, N3 and N4 show good conductivity which is due to ionic polarization and electrode polarization. Among all these composites N3 shows highest conductivity which is also well understood through the SEM studies. PP < sub>5 shows more conductivity than all the other composites except N3 as because PANI when mixed with PEO gives more feasibility of matrix’s for fast mobility of ions through it easily. The samples are fabricated for battery applications in configuration of Na: (PEO: PANI: NaClO4): (I2 + C + sample) and their experimental data are measured using the Wagner polarization technique.
Anji Reddy Polu;Ranveer Kumar
Abstract
Composite polymer electrolyte films consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG), Mg(CH3COO)2 and Al2O3 particles have been prepared by solution casting technique. The X-ray diffraction patterns of PEG-Mg(CH3COO)2 with Al2O3 ceramic filler, indicates the decrease in the degree of crystallinity with increasing ...
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Composite polymer electrolyte films consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG), Mg(CH3COO)2 and Al2O3 particles have been prepared by solution casting technique. The X-ray diffraction patterns of PEG-Mg(CH3COO)2 with Al2O3 ceramic filler, indicates the decrease in the degree of crystallinity with increasing concentration of the filler. The role of ceramic phase is to reduce the melting temperature which is ascertained from the DSC. The effect of ceramic filler on the conductivity of the polymer electrolyte was studied. The maximum ionic conductivity has been observed for 10 wt% of Al2O3 at room temperature (303 K). The transference number data indicated the dominance of ion-type charge transport in these composite polymer electrolytes. Using this (PEG-Mg(CH3COO)2-Al2O3) (85–15–10) electrolyte, solid-state electrochemical cell was fabricated and their discharge profiles were studied under a constant load of 100 kΩ. Several cell profiles associated with this cell were evaluated and are reported.
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