Yunxiao Gu; Xiaoyun Ma; Xu Wang; Cunyi Fan
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a thorny problem for many years because it is difficult to find out appropriate drugs or materials that can maximize healing effects and minimize damages to human body. Among various methods, the use of biomaterial scaffolds on injured nerves has been favoured due to the biocompatibility, ...
Read More
Peripheral nerve injury is a thorny problem for many years because it is difficult to find out appropriate drugs or materials that can maximize healing effects and minimize damages to human body. Among various methods, the use of biomaterial scaffolds on injured nerves has been favoured due to the biocompatibility, accessibility, and effectiveness. Marine oriented materials have attracted huge attention with their unique pro-regenerative potential. This article reviews the application of marine biological materials in the repair of peripheral nerve injury.
Hediyeh Nejati Rad; Aliasghar Behnamghader; Mojgan Bagheri; Masoud Mozafari
Abstract
In this study, mesoporous bioactive glass 77S was synthesized by sol-gel method using two different ionic and nonionic surfactants. Physical-chemical properties of synthesized Bioglass were studied using techniques include X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption and Fourier ...
Read More
In this study, mesoporous bioactive glass 77S was synthesized by sol-gel method using two different ionic and nonionic surfactants. Physical-chemical properties of synthesized Bioglass were studied using techniques include X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that using nonionic and ionic surfactants increased specific surface area by 3 and 5 times, respectively. By determining the silicon release in three different temperatures, the activation energy values of Si-O-Si for sample with surface area of 161 and 94 m 2 /g were calculated 1/10 and 1/5 of control glass with surface area of 34 m 2 /g. The pH of sample was evaluated in solutions buffered with TRIS. pH analysis results suggested a direct relation between surface area and pH changes, the greatest increase in pH was observed in the sample with the highest surface area. Moreover, the in vitro bioactivity test was also conducted in simulated body fluid (SBF) and formation of apatite layer was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction after a day.
Zahra Rezvani; Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi; Saeid Kargozar; Peiman Brouki Milan; Masoud Mozafari
Abstract
In this study, organic montmorillonite (OMMT) is a modified form of montmorillonite (MMT) in which chitosan (CS) intercalated MMT by ion exchange of sodium ions from Na/MMT with –NH3 + of CS. The structural analysis confirmed intercalation of CS into MMT layers, indicating that CS molecular chains ...
Read More
In this study, organic montmorillonite (OMMT) is a modified form of montmorillonite (MMT) in which chitosan (CS) intercalated MMT by ion exchange of sodium ions from Na/MMT with –NH3 + of CS. The structural analysis confirmed intercalation of CS into MMT layers, indicating that CS molecular chains incorporated into the MMT layers. The interlayer distance of the MMT layered was 1.128nm and in the OMMT layers enlarged to 2.365 nm. Antibacterial activity analysis showed that unmodified MMT could not inhibit the growth of bacteria. Nevertheless, after addition of the CS molecules, an increase in the interlayer distance of MMT was observed. No difference was observed between the viability of the human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) contacted to different concentrations (ranging from 0.5 to 2mg/ml) of MMT and OMMT in all time intervals, when compared with the control samples. Furthermore, neither MMT nor OMMT showed apoptosis and cytotoxicity effect on the cells. The strong antibacterial activity of the synthesized OMMT nanocomposite was also confirmed against E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumonia and P. aeruginosa, suggesting its high potential for the prevention of post-surgical infections.
Juan Manuel Galdopórpora; Claudio Javier Perez; María Victoria Tuttolomondo; Martín Federico Desimone
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to develop an economic, environmentally friendly and malleable biomaterial for tissue engineering applications. Water and glycerol have been used as solvents for the gelatin hydrogel synthesis. This solvent mixture led to a biomaterial with improved thermal properties. ...
Read More
The main objective of this study is to develop an economic, environmentally friendly and malleable biomaterial for tissue engineering applications. Water and glycerol have been used as solvents for the gelatin hydrogel synthesis. This solvent mixture led to a biomaterial with improved thermal properties. Indeed, a 16°C increase in thermal transition temperature was achieved. Furthermore, to enhance mechanical properties, riboflavin was used as a crosslinking agent. Chemical crosslinking step was initiated with UV radiation to obtain riboflavin radical polymerization of gelatin chains, hence, rheological properties of gelatin hydrogel were improved. Thus, Gelatin-UV-Riboflavin hydrogel showed good swelling and increased mechanical properties, obtaining a novel material for drug delivery and medical purposes.
Ashutosh Tiwari
Abstract
International Association of Advanced Materials (IAAM, www.iaamonline.org) is pleased to announce Drug Delivery & Tissue Engineering Conference 2018, Singapore with collaboration of VBRI Press AB, Sweden (www.vbripress.com). The conference is dedicated on the technology and systems in the drug delivery, ...
Read More
International Association of Advanced Materials (IAAM, www.iaamonline.org) is pleased to announce Drug Delivery & Tissue Engineering Conference 2018, Singapore with collaboration of VBRI Press AB, Sweden (www.vbripress.com). The conference is dedicated on the technology and systems in the drug delivery, different routes and methods of administration, nanomedicine, peptide, gene and protein delivery, pharmaceutical devices and their developments, and major challenges in drug delivery research and markets.
Farnaz Ghorbani; Hanieh Nojehdehyan; Ali Zamanian; Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi; Masoud Mozafari
Abstract
There have been several attempts to synthesis biodegradable polymeric constructs with adequate porous structures for soft connective tissues. In this study, randomly-oriented PLGA-gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds were synthesized by electrospinning method. We offered an appropriate solvent (2, 2, 2-trifluoroethanol) ...
Read More
There have been several attempts to synthesis biodegradable polymeric constructs with adequate porous structures for soft connective tissues. In this study, randomly-oriented PLGA-gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds were synthesized by electrospinning method. We offered an appropriate solvent (2, 2, 2-trifluoroethanol) to dissolve both polymers for achieving a homogenous solution without inducing any toxic effects. The results confirmed the formation of high porous and bead free scaffolds, in which an increase in the injection rate slightly decreased the mechanical, swelling ratio and biodegradation behaviors. The modulus and tensile strength for the scaffolds with the injection rate of 0.2 ml/hr were 0.72 ±0.02 and 2.70 ±0.33, respectively. In addition, the evaluation of cell proliferation demonstrated that L929 fibroblast cells spread well on the scaffolds, indicating that they are able to support cell attachment. A possible chemical bond formation has been also suggested for the blending mixture of PLGA and gelatin molecules.
Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi; Masoud Mozafari; Mojgan Bandehpour; Marzieh Sameni; Hossein Ghanbarian
Abstract
In this study, the effects of ethanol treatment on the mechanical and biological characteristics of the nanofibrous silk fibroin (NSF) scaffolds were evaluated. The results obtained from the mechanical tests confirmed that ethanol treatment significantly enhanced the physical properties of the scaffolds ...
Read More
In this study, the effects of ethanol treatment on the mechanical and biological characteristics of the nanofibrous silk fibroin (NSF) scaffolds were evaluated. The results obtained from the mechanical tests confirmed that ethanol treatment significantly enhanced the physical properties of the scaffolds through the formation of a ß-sheet structure. It was shown that the ethanol treatment increased the mechanical property and cell viability, while decreased the porosity of the randomly arranged uniform nanofibers. The ultimate tensile strength for the NSF and ethanol-treated NSF (ET-NSF) scaffolds were 0.76 and 1.33 MPa, respectively. In addition, the ethanol treatment positively affected the proliferation rate of rat bone-marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) without any detectable cytotoxicity. All the results obtained from this study strongly indicated the efficacy of ethanol treatment in enhancement of mechanical and biological characteristics of silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffolds.
Abstract
Cartilage is an avascular connective tissue found in many locations in the body, such as, in the joints between the bones, rib cage, ear, nose and intervertebral discs. Cartilage plays a vital role in our body by working as a cushion between joints so that rubbing of bones against each other is prevented. ...
Read More
Cartilage is an avascular connective tissue found in many locations in the body, such as, in the joints between the bones, rib cage, ear, nose and intervertebral discs. Cartilage plays a vital role in our body by working as a cushion between joints so that rubbing of bones against each other is prevented. It also holds some bones together, for instance, rib cartilage, and makes the area shock-proof. Cartilage is composed of single type of cells called chondrocytes. There are several diseases associated with cartilage, e.g., osteoarthritis, traumatic rupture of cartilage. These defects are not easy to repair as cartilage possesses limited self repair capacity due to the lack of a sufficient supply of healthy chondrocytes to the defective sites. Tissue engineered cartilage can serve as a lifelong treatment to such problems. Reconstruction of the cartilage can be achieved by use of appropriate cell source, scaffold, and growth factors. Development of a 3D cartilaginous skeleton have challenged the researchers for decades as the pursuit for suitable cell source, biomaterials and growth factor combination is not yet over. Various composite biomaterials and multiple growth factor approach are applied nowadays to regenerate cartilage. Stem cell has emerged as a potent source of cells for cartilage regeneration. This review highlightens the advances in cartilage tissue engineering by throwing light on cell sources, scaffold materials as well as on growth factors used so far in cartilage tissue engineering. It also reflects a range of problems and future perspectives to overcome the existing hurdles in cartilage regeneration. Copyright © 2011 VBRI press.
Murugan Ramalingam; Ashutosh Tiwari
Abstract
Development of functional tissues often requires spatially controlled growth of cells over 2D surfaces or 3D substrates to maintain their distinct cellular functions; particularly it is essential for culturing anchorage-dependent cells. In this regard, development of new surfaces/substrates with superior ...
Read More
Development of functional tissues often requires spatially controlled growth of cells over 2D surfaces or 3D substrates to maintain their distinct cellular functions; particularly it is essential for culturing anchorage-dependent cells. In this regard, development of new surfaces/substrates with superior surface properties that could control the cell behavior is of great important and extremely necessary for functional tissue engineering as well as to study how the cells spatially recognize and interact with synthetic material systems. Surface patterning is an approach to modify the surface of biomaterials, either chemically or topographically. Both the approaches are well demonstrated in manipulating cell behaviors such as shape, size, orientation, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In this article, we review various commonly employed methodologies for use in patterning of biomaterial surfaces/substrates and their suitability in controlling cell behaviors.
)
)
)
)