Manpreet Kaur; K. L. Yadav; Poonam Uniyal
Abstract
Single phase Bi1-xLaxFeO3 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized with varied concentration (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) for the photocatalytic degradation of an industrial dye. The room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of La 3+ doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles reveals the structural phase transition ...
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Single phase Bi1-xLaxFeO3 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized with varied concentration (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) for the photocatalytic degradation of an industrial dye. The room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of La 3+ doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles reveals the structural phase transition from rhombohedral (R3c) to orthorhombic (Pnma) at x=0.1, which is further analyzed via Rietveld refinement. The La 3+ doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles have much negative enthalpy of formation (ΔHf) than undoped BiFeO3. The particle size gradually decreases from ~132 to ~68 nm with La 3+ doping. Magnetic and ferroelectric transition temperatures are found to be slightly shifted towards room temperature upto x= 0.1 and then higher temperature side which could be attribute to the particle size effect. All compositions presented weak ferromagnetic ordering, which indicates that the La 3+ substitution in the BiFeO3 matrix released the latent magnetization. The increase in the energy band gap from 2.045 to 2.658 eV with cutoff wavelengths 639.58 and 513.061 nm for x=0.0 and 0.2 respectively, increases the visible light efficiency of photocatalytic activity in La 3+ doped BiFeO3 samples. The photodegradation efficiency of La 3+ doped BiFeO3 for azo-dye RB-5 is observed to be ~27% higher as compared to the undoped BiFeO3 (43% photodegradation efficiency), which makes it suitable for visible-light responsive photocatalysis for photocatalytic applications.
Meera Rawat; K. L. Yadav; Amit Kumar; Piyush Kumar Patel; Nidhi Adhlakha; Jyoti Rani
Abstract
Polycrystalline (Bi0.5Na0.5)1-xBaxTiO3 [here after BNBT], x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1 ceramics have been synthesized by conventional solid state reaction process and were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique, which indicates that on substitution of Ba 2+ in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) ceramic ...
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Polycrystalline (Bi0.5Na0.5)1-xBaxTiO3 [here after BNBT], x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1 ceramics have been synthesized by conventional solid state reaction process and were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique, which indicates that on substitution of Ba 2+ in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) ceramic there is splitting of the (2 0 0) peak for x ≥ 0.06. This splitting in the peak position reveals that the composition BNBT-0.06 is well in Morphotropic Phase Boundary (MPB) region where rhombohedral and tetragonal phase co-exist. Scanning electron micrograph shows decrease in grain size from 0.66 to 0.53 μm with increasing concentration of Ba 2+ ; and the dielectric constant of Ba 2+ doped BNT ceramics increased with decreasing grain sizes and a maximum value was attained at size of 0.54 ~ 0.56 μm. Doped BNT ceramic also exhibit diffuse phase transition and are characterised by a strong temperature and frequency dispersion of the permittivity which would be connected with the cation disorder in A-site of perovskite unit cell. Complex impedance spectroscopy is used to analyze the electrical behaviour of BNBT, which indicates the presence of grain effect and the composition exhibits Negative Temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behaviour. The compounds exhibit Arrhenius type of electrical conductivity and the presence of non-Debye type of relaxation has been confirmed from impedance analysis.
