Editorial
Ashutosh Tiwari
Abstract
VBRI Press AB is pleased to sponsor ‘Advanced Materials World Congress’ (AMWC) during 23-26 August, 2015, http://vbripress.com/amwc/ in Stockholm, Sweden. It is a four-day international event organised by the International Association of Advanced Materials (www.iaamonline.org), ...
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VBRI Press AB is pleased to sponsor ‘Advanced Materials World Congress’ (AMWC) during 23-26 August, 2015, http://vbripress.com/amwc/ in Stockholm, Sweden. It is a four-day international event organised by the International Association of Advanced Materials (www.iaamonline.org), which regularly meet every two-year since 2010. This upcoming world congress is going to host in the city of Nobel Prize, Stockholm, Sweden. The venue of congress will be held on the Baltic Sea from Stockholm (Sweden) – Tallinn (Estonia) - Stockholm (Sweden) via Mariehamn and Helsinki, Finland by the Viking Line. The goal of congress is to provide a global platform for researchers and engineers coming from academia and industry to present their research results and activities in the field of fundamental and interdisciplinary research of materials science. The World Congress will provide opportunities for the delegates to exchange their face-to-face novel ideas and experiences with the international experts during the plenary and invited talks, oral presentations and poster sessions. We will also set up sessions with keynote forum, panel discussion and project negotiation.
Anatoly A. Popovich; Nikolay G. Razumov
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the effect of the treatment duration on the phase formation and dissolution of alloying elements in the process of mechanical alloying (MA) of iron with austenite forming elements in the nitrogen-containing atmosphere. The influence of MA parameters on the phase composition ...
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In this work, we investigated the effect of the treatment duration on the phase formation and dissolution of alloying elements in the process of mechanical alloying (MA) of iron with austenite forming elements in the nitrogen-containing atmosphere. The influence of MA parameters on the phase composition of the alloy showed the first of the alloying elements dissolved in the lattice of iron are nickel, then chrome and manganese. According to experimental data, the dissolution proceeds through the formation of a layered composite. Also the features of the nanocrystalline structure of powder materials Fe-18Cr-8Ni-12Mn-N, synthesized by mechanical alloying are presented. The nanocrystalline structure of these alloys consists of two structural components: grain-crystallites and grain boundary regions. Such type of structure corresponds to the Gleiter model. Dimensions of nanocrystals are in range from 6 to 20 nm.
D. M. Pimpalshende; S. J. Dhoble
Abstract
Nowadays the research on synthesis of inorganic luminescent material with proper dimensions and morphologies has attracted great attention. Inorganic luminescent materials like LaPO4 have found many practical applications in the field of electroluminescent devices, integrated optics, biological labels, ...
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Nowadays the research on synthesis of inorganic luminescent material with proper dimensions and morphologies has attracted great attention. Inorganic luminescent materials like LaPO4 have found many practical applications in the field of electroluminescent devices, integrated optics, biological labels, modern lighting and display fields. We have prepared Dysprosium (Dy) doped LaPO4 nanoparticles at relatively low temperature in polyethylene glycol (PEG) medium by wet chemical method. Dy 3+ is doped in LaPO4 at various atomic concentrations (1, 2, 5 and 10 at %). All the samples have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL) techniques. XRD study reveals the monoclinic structure of prepared nanoparticles. Unit cell volume is found to be decrease linearly with increasing Dy 3+ concentration indicating homogeneous substitution of La 3+ ions in LaPO4 by Dy 3+ . From the FTIR study it is found that the band at 1044 cm -1 assigned to the phosphate group PO4 3- in the region of υ3 anti-symmetric stretching of P-O band. The PL spectrum shows emission band at about 435 nm is observed due to the transision of Dy 3+ ions corresponding to wavelength in the blue color region. The glow curve of LaPO4: Dy phosphor obeys second order kinetics.
Ankur Jain; Pragya Jain; Shivani Agarwal; Paola Gislon; Pier Paolo Prosini; I.P. Jain
Abstract
Magnesium hydride is a promising material for hydrogen storage due to its high storage capacity i.e.7.6wt%. But its high stability i.e. high desorption temperature (~350? o C) limits its practical application towards hydrogen economy. Moreover the kinetics is also too slow even at high temperatures. ...
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Magnesium hydride is a promising material for hydrogen storage due to its high storage capacity i.e.7.6wt%. But its high stability i.e. high desorption temperature (~350? o C) limits its practical application towards hydrogen economy. Moreover the kinetics is also too slow even at high temperatures. Composite formation with Zr based laves phase alloys, especially ZrCr2 family, is an effective method to improve the hydriding properties of MgH2. This work presents the synthesis, structural, morphological, and hydrogenation properties of Mg-x wt% ZrCrMn composites. Both phases i.e. Mg & ZrCrMn remain their presence after milling and several hydriding cycles as well. SEM results suggest the homogeneous distribution of alloy particles on Mg matrix. Pressure composition temperature (PCT) analysis shows a reduction in desorption temperature down to 250 o C for these composites. TG experiments suggest a total hydrogen capacity of 5.9% and 4.35% for x =25, 50 in Mg-x wt% ZrCrMn composites respectively. The enthalpy of hydride formation is also calculated using Van’t Hoff plots, which is found similar to the parent material i.e. MgH2. A remarkable enhancement in the kinetics of hydrogen absorption / desorption is reported here by forming these composites.
Pramita Mishra; Vanaraj Solanki; Ashutosh Rath; Soumee Chakraborty; Himanshu Lohani; Pratap K. Sahoo; Biju Raja Sekhar
Abstract
We report the optical tunability through defect states created in silicon by 1 MeV cobalt ion implantation at room temperature in the fluence range of 5 × 10 13 to 5 × 10 15 ions cm -2 . Atomic force microscopy studies reveal the surface nanostructures with maximum roughness of 0.9 nm at ...
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We report the optical tunability through defect states created in silicon by 1 MeV cobalt ion implantation at room temperature in the fluence range of 5 × 10 13 to 5 × 10 15 ions cm -2 . Atomic force microscopy studies reveal the surface nanostructures with maximum roughness of 0.9 nm at a critical fluence of 5 × 10 15 ions cm-2 which is reduced to 0.148 nm with further increase of fluence. The enhanced native oxide layers after Co ion implantation observed from X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies confirm the presence of surface defects. The combined effect of nanostructures formation and amorphization leads to band gap tailoring. For low fluence, the nanostructures produced on the surface result in an enhanced absorption in the entire UV-Visible region with a simultaneous reduction in band gap of 0.2 eV in comparison to pristine Si whereas high fluence implantation results in interference fringes which signifies the enhancement in refractive index of the top implanted layer ensuing increase in band gap of 0.3 eV. Combined amorphous and crystalline phases of nanostructured surface with tunable optical absorption may have potential applications in solar cell, photovoltaics and optical sensors.
V. V. Shinde; S. J. Dhoble
Abstract
The subject of this work is the characterization of the photoluminescence properties of RE 3+ doped bromoapatite inorganic optoelectronic phosphor material. This paper reports the luminescence properties of RE 3+ (Where RE= Ce, Dy, and Eu) doped Ca5(PO4)3Br, which has been prepared by solid state ...
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The subject of this work is the characterization of the photoluminescence properties of RE 3+ doped bromoapatite inorganic optoelectronic phosphor material. This paper reports the luminescence properties of RE 3+ (Where RE= Ce, Dy, and Eu) doped Ca5(PO4)3Br, which has been prepared by solid state reaction route. The prepared phosphor is well characterized by XRD, SEM, FT-IR and photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The apatite Ca5(PO4)3Br:Ce 3+ shows an efficient broad emission at 340 nm and weak 362 nm emission when excited at 293 nm. Ca5(PO4)3Br:Dy 3+ phosphor shows an efficient blue and yellow emissions at 485 nm and 577 nm respectively when excited at 390 nm . Ca5(PO4)3Br:Eu 3+ phosphor shows an orange and weak red emission at 592 nm and 615 nm respectively when excited at 396 nm. The effect of the RE 3+ concentration on the luminescence properties of Ca5 (PO4)3Br:RE 3+ phosphors are also studied. The investigated prepared bromoapatite phosphors may be suitable for a near UV excited LED.
Sunita Rattan; Prachi Singhal; Devesh Kumar Avasthi; Ambuj Tripathi
Abstract
Ion implantation is a surface treatment process in which the surface of a sample is bombarded with a beam of energetic dopant ions to implant ions into the matrix of the substrate. In the present work, nanocomposites of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) /poly(4-styrene sulphonate) (PEDOT: PSS) and nanographite ...
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Ion implantation is a surface treatment process in which the surface of a sample is bombarded with a beam of energetic dopant ions to implant ions into the matrix of the substrate. In the present work, nanocomposites of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) /poly(4-styrene sulphonate) (PEDOT: PSS) and nanographite are prepared and subjected to swift heavy ion implantation using the same ion as that of the filler in the nanocomposites. PEDOT: PSS/ nanographite nanocomposites have been synthesized by solution blending method. The prepared PEDOT: PSS/ nanographite nanocomposite films were irradiated with carbon ions (C ion beam, 50 MeV) in fluence range of 3 × 10 10 to 3 × 10 12 ions/cm 2 . The nanocomposite films were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) before and after C ion implantation and were evaluated for their electrical and sensor properties. SEM and XRD studies clearly depict the homogeneous dispersion of nanograhite in polymer matrix along with densification of the polymer nanocomposite. The implanted nanocomposites exhibit better electrical and sensor properties for the detection of nitroaromatics.
Umesh Kumar Parida; S. K. Biswal; B.K. Bindhani
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have found widespread applications in life sciences. Gold nanoparticles are of interest because of the unique properties which can be incorporated into cancer therapy applications, biosensor materials, composite fibers, cryogenic superconducting materials, cosmetic products, ...
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Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have found widespread applications in life sciences. Gold nanoparticles are of interest because of the unique properties which can be incorporated into cancer therapy applications, biosensor materials, composite fibers, cryogenic superconducting materials, cosmetic products, and electronic components. In the present research program, cost effective and environment friendly gold nanoparticles were synthesized using red grape pomace (GPM) ethanolic extract as a reducing agent and a capping agent. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visble, XRD, TEM and DLS methods. The absorption peak at 554 nm was found to be broadening with increase in time indicating the polydispersity nature of the nanoparticles. The XRD results suggested that the crystallization of the bioorganic phase occurs on the surface of the gold nanoparticles or vice versa. The TEM image showed relatively spherical shape nanoparticles. We also Purified anti-OMP85 antibody were successfully conjugated on 13 ± 34 nm gold nanoparticles by an electrostatic adsorption method.
Niyaz Parvin Shaik; N. V. Poornachandra Rao; K. V. R. Murthy
Abstract
Pure LaPO4 and LaPO4: Eu (0.5 mol %) Ce (0.5 mol %) phosphors were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), photoluminescence (PL) spectra and the particle size analysis were used to characterize ...
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Pure LaPO4 and LaPO4: Eu (0.5 mol %) Ce (0.5 mol %) phosphors were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), photoluminescence (PL) spectra and the particle size analysis were used to characterize these samples. The XRD results reveal that the synthesized LaPO4:Eu (0.5 mol%) Ce (0.5 mol%) phosphors are well crystalline and assigned to the monoclinic structure with a main (120) diffraction peak. The calculated crystallite size of pure LaPO4 and LaPO4:Eu, Ce phosphors were 67.6nm and 64nm respectively. Upon excitation at 254nm wavelength, the emission spectrum of pure LaPO4 phosphor emits a maximum intensity peak at 470 (blue) nm. In the emission spectrum of LaPO4:Eu 3+ Ce 3+ phosphor, the low contributions of the red (613nm) 5D0-7F2 emissions and the high intensity of the orange-red (589nm)5D0-7F1 emission results in high color purities.The most intense emissions appearing in the 580-620nm region is responsible for the strong orange-red luminescence observed in the Eu,Ce doped LaPO4 phosphor whose CIE colour coordinates are x = 0.57 and y = 0.43.Thus the prepared phosphors can be used as an orange-red emitting material in the field of illuminations and display devices.
Suyog M. Pethe; Subhash B. Kondawar
Abstract
One dimensional conducting polymer nanostructures have been the focus of quite extensive studies worldwide due to their high aspect ratio, high porosity apart from high surface area to volume ratio. Conducting polyaniline nanofibers can be synthesized by various methods. In this paper, we report the ...
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One dimensional conducting polymer nanostructures have been the focus of quite extensive studies worldwide due to their high aspect ratio, high porosity apart from high surface area to volume ratio. Conducting polyaniline nanofibers can be synthesized by various methods. In this paper, we report the preparation of polyaniline nanofibers with an average diameter of 40–70 nm by two different simple approach rapid mixing and interfacial polymerization. The key to producing polyaniline nanofibers is to suppress secondary growth. Based on this, interfacial polymerization and rapidly mixed reactions have been developed that can readily produce nanofibers by slightly modifying the conventional chemical synthesis of polyaniline without the need for any template or structural directing agent. Synthesized polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy for their structural and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy for optical properties. Direct and indirect transition energy gaps were determined from their Tauc plots. The absorption spectra show a linear fit for the transition. Electrical properties of the synthesized polyaniline nanofibers have been studied and the Arrhenius plots of electrical conductivity for the samples synthesized by rapid mixing and interfacial polymerization method show an approximate equal in their activation energy. The results obtained from optical and electrical properties are well compared, correlated and explained with respect to interfacial and rapid mixing polymerization techniques.
H. K. Dahule; S. J. Dhoble
Abstract
We have synthesized series of new phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes Ir(Br-DPQ)2(acac), with 2-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-phenyl-quinoline (Br-DPQ) ligand and Ir(Cl-BrDPQ)2 (acac) with 4-chloro-2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-phenyl quinoline (Cl-BrDPQ) ligand. Synthesized complexes and ligands were characterized ...
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We have synthesized series of new phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes Ir(Br-DPQ)2(acac), with 2-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-phenyl-quinoline (Br-DPQ) ligand and Ir(Cl-BrDPQ)2 (acac) with 4-chloro-2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-phenyl quinoline (Cl-BrDPQ) ligand. Synthesized complexes and ligands were characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal analysis (TGA/DTA,DSC). UV-vis absorption and emission spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) emission peaks of Br-DPQ and Cl-BrDPQ in different solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane, THF, acetic acid and formic acid is between 425 to 460 nm The metal complex display pure red luminescence in solution and in powder states in the range of λmax 615-651 nm. The iridium metal complex Ir(Br-DPQ)2(acac) where (Br-DPQ=2-(4-bromo phenyl)-4-phenyl quinoline shows strong 1MLCTand 3MLCT absorption peak at, 227, 265, 283, 346, and 432 nm in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution and Ir(Cl-BrDPQ)2(acac) where (Cl-BrDPQ)=4chloro2-(4-Bromo phenyl)-4-phenyl quinoline shows strong 1MLCTand 3MLCT absorption peak at 262, 330, 438, 476, 505 and 535 nm in dichloromethane solution. It is suggested that the synthesized iridium complexes may be efficiently used as the emissive dopants in phosphorescent organic light-lmitting devices (PhOLEDs). Thus these complexes could be promising candidates for potential applications in Phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes PhOLEDs, light-emitting electrochemical cells and solid-state organic lighting applications.