Yu-Min Shen; Dipti. R. Sahu;Jow-Lay Huang; Wen-Fang Chiu; Sheng-Chang Wang; Pramoda K. Nayak
Abstract
Various pore sizes of a porous alumina membrane were fabricated using H2SO4 and H2C2O4 electrolyte under different ionization voltages. Cu nanowire arrays with high aspect ratios, uniform pore size, and ordered pore arrangement were synthesized using the above porous alumina membrane (PAM). Moreover, ...
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Various pore sizes of a porous alumina membrane were fabricated using H2SO4 and H2C2O4 electrolyte under different ionization voltages. Cu nanowire arrays with high aspect ratios, uniform pore size, and ordered pore arrangement were synthesized using the above porous alumina membrane (PAM). Moreover, Cu2O nanowire arrays were prepared through the oxidization of Cu metal nanowire arrays. From the microstructure and compositional analysis, it was observed that pores of different sizes, i.e. 20~30, 70~90 and 90~100 nm could be obtained by controlling various electrolytes and anodization voltage. The Cu nanowire synthesized with various pore sizes were found to be single crystal (20~90 nm) and polycrystalline (90~100nm) respectively. The single crystal Cu with (111) direction was occurred due to homogeneous current density distribution and relationship between current density (J) and nucleus radius (ro). After oxidation of Cu, the Cu2O nanowires with the pore sizes of 20~100 nm was found to be single crystal. The rearranged of Cu and O2 lattice sites promotes the enhancement of crystalline property.
Susheel Kalia; Anil Kumar; B.S. Kaith
Abstract
For the synthesis of biocomposite materials for useful applications, it becomes necessary to modify the surface of natural fibers through chemical treatments. Morphology, structure and properties of natural fibers have an obvious effect on the mechanical properties of the biocomposite materials. It is ...
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For the synthesis of biocomposite materials for useful applications, it becomes necessary to modify the surface of natural fibers through chemical treatments. Morphology, structure and properties of natural fibers have an obvious effect on the mechanical properties of the biocomposite materials. It is thus necessary to know the morphology, thermal stability and crystalline behavior of original and modified fibers. In present paper, sunn hemp fibers (SHF) were chemically modified with ethyl acrylate and binary monomers (EA+MMA, EA+AA) through microwave radiations induced graft copolymerization. Various reaction parameters were optimized to get maximum grafting (91.8%). Morphology, thermal stability and crystalline behavior of original and modified fibers were investigated. Morphological and thermal studies showed that surface of sunn hemp fibers becomes rough and amorphous through graft copolymerization and thermal stability has been found to be increased. Microwave radiation induced grafting showed a diminutive effect on the crystalline behavior of the sunn hemp fibers as optimum time to get maximum grafting is very less (40 min) in comparison to conventional grafting. Synthesized graft copolymers were used as reinforcing material in preparation of polyhydroxybutyrate biocomposites. It has been observed that graft copolymers improved the interface between fiber and matrix and enhanced the mechanical strength of composites.
S.K. Shukla; Anand Bharadvaja; Ashutosh Tiwari; G.K. Parashar; G.C. Dubey
Abstract
Polyaniline (PANI) was prepared in emeraldine via chemical oxidation method using CuSO4 as initiating agent. The chemical characterizations were made using UV-vis (ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry), FT-IR (Fourier transform spectroscopy), TG-DTA (thermo-gravimetric/differential thermal analysis), ...
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Polyaniline (PANI) was prepared in emeraldine via chemical oxidation method using CuSO4 as initiating agent. The chemical characterizations were made using UV-vis (ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry), FT-IR (Fourier transform spectroscopy), TG-DTA (thermo-gravimetric/differential thermal analysis), ESI-MS (electrospray ionization mass spectrometry), XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) techniques. The results revealed the formation of homogeneous, crystalline PANI with sub-micron size particles. The PANI thin film of 0.5 µm thickness has been fabricated using spin coating technique. The resulting PANI film was exposed to controlled humid condition and change in resistance has been recorded. The resistance was continuously decreased from 13.5 to 3.75 MΩ with a linear change in humidity ranging from 3 to 95%. The result was reproducible and checked by repeating observation.